Introduction of 100G optical transceiver
Introduction of 100G optical transceiver
With the quick development of optical communication recently, users have growing needs for the network. under this condition, 100G optical module has become the hot focus that users care. This article will focus on 100G optical modules.
Types
100G transceivers could be generally divided into 5 types CFP, CFP2, CFP4, CXP, and QSFP28 based on different package . CFP, CFP2, CFP4, and CXP would be the early package of 100G optical transceiver, however QSFP28 is the newest package of 100G Optical transceiver due to higher density and lower power consumption, which has become the mainstream package of 100G optical transceiver.
CFP, CFP2, CFP2 optical transceiver
The CFP Multi-Source Agreement (MSA) defines hot-pluggable optical transceiver form factors to enable 40Gb/s, 100Gb/s and 400Gb/s applications, including High Speed Ethernet (40GE, 100GE and 400GE). The CFP optical transceiver supports the transmission of multiple rates, protocols and link lengths on Single-mode and multimode fibers, including all physical media-related (PMD) interfaces included in the IEEE 802.3BA Standard. There are three types of 100G networks: 100GBASE-SR10 100m, 100GBASE-LR4 10km, 100GBASE-ER4 40km.
The CFP was designed after the small form-factor pluggable transceiver (SFP) interface, which is larger in size and supports 100Gbps data transmission. The electrical interface used by the CFP optical transceiver transmits in each direction (RX, TX) using the 10 x 10Gbps Channel. CFP transceivers can support a single 100 Gbit/s signal like 100GbE or OTU4 or one or more 40 Gbit/s signals like 40GbE, OTU3, or STM-256/OC-768.
The original CFP specification was proposed at a time when 10 Gbit/s signals were far more achievable than 25 Gbit/s signals. As such to achieve 100 Gbit/s line rate, the most affordable solution was based on 10 lanes of 10 Gbit/s. However, as expected, improvements in technology have allowed higher performance and higher density. Hence the development of the CFP2 and CFP4 specifications. While electrically similar, they specify a form-factor of 1/2 and 1/4 respectively in size of the original specification. Note that CFP, CFP2 and CFP4 modules are not interchangeable (but are inter-operable at the optical interface with appropriate connectors).
the QSFP28 transceiver
Likewise, for 100G optical transceiver , the QSFP28 transceiver is getting increasingly well-known as a small size . Actually, the QSFP28 optical transceiver and the former have the same design concept. The first generation QSFP optical transceiver is equipped with four TX and RX ports, with a rate of 10Gbps per channel. For QSFP28 optical transceivers, each channel of the 100G transceiver can transmit and receive up to 28Gbps. For 40G QSFP + with 4 x 10Gbps channels, 100G QSFP28 with 4 x 25Gbps channels. Compared with the CFP4 optical transceiver, the QSFP28 optical transceiver is smaller than the CFP4 optical transceiver. Although the QSFP28 optical transceiver has the advantage of exceeding the CFP4 optical transceiver, the CFP4 optical transceiver has higher power consumption, which makes it more suitable for long-distance optical transmission.
Summary
100G optical transceiver was created to adapt to the trend that network market is developing to 40G and 100G, with a transmission rate of 100G, this module plays a significant role in 100G network system deployment.
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